A longitudinal cohort study looked at nutrient intake during pregnancy, following the health of the 1,861 children born to the subjects for five years. It was published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (Vol 174. pp. 499-507, (2006)). The nutrient status of the mothers was evaluated with a food frequency questionnaire and by measuring blood levels of nutrients. Different groups of the children were evaluated with various tests. FEV1 (forced expiratory volume for 1 second) was tested on 478 of the children. Exhaled nitric oxide was checked on 167 of the children (a way to measure airway inflammation), Allergy testing (performed by skin prick), was performed on 700 of the group. The researchers found that high intake of foods containing vitamin E and zinc during pregnancy reduced the chances of the child developing asthma or allergies.