A double-blind, placebo-controlled study that appeared in Tropical Medicine and International Health (Volume 15, Issue 10,  pages 1148–1155, October 2010) looked at the use of a single, high dose vitamin D supplement and the effect it had on children recovering from pneumonia. The subject of the study were 453 children between the ages of one and 36 months who had pneumonia. They were randomly divided into two groups. One group received antibiotics as treatment for the pneumonia and the other received a single 100,000 IU dose of D3 along with the antibiotic treatment. There was no difference in the amount of time it took for recovery between the two groups. The group receiving the vitamin D, however, demonstrated a 22% reduced risk of having a repeat bout of pneumonia when compared to the placebo group.