The types of fatty acids in the diet can influence immune activity and inflammatory processes. Research in the British Journal of Nutrition (2002;87 Suppl 1:S59–67) notes that omega-3 fatty acids help regulate inflammatory signaling and immune-cell activation.

A small study in Anales de Medicina Interna (2005;22(7):323–325) also found that, among 40 adults with HIV infection, higher dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids was linked with higher CD4 cell counts. While preliminary, these findings suggest that the balance of dietary fatty acids may play a supportive role in immune function.