Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin that is relatively stable to heat, oxidation, and acidic conditions. However, it is easily destroyed by alkali and by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, which is why riboflavin-containing foods and supplements are often stored in opaque containers.
Riboflavin is essential for cellular respiration because it functions as part of enzyme systems involved in oxygen utilization at the cellular level. It plays a key role in energy production by participating in the breakdown and metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Riboflavin is a component of important coenzymes that support normal mitochondrial function and overall energy metabolism.
There is no known toxicity associated with riboflavin intake, as excess amounts are readily excreted in the urine.
Early signs of riboflavin deficiency include cracks and sores at the corners of the mouth, a red and sore tongue, and a sensation of grit or sand inside the eyelids. Other symptoms may include burning or irritation of the eyes, corneal changes, sensitivity to light, lesions of the lips, scaling of the skin around the nose, mouth, forehead, and ears, as well as trembling, sluggishness, dizziness, and reduced stamina.
