A study published in the Child Development (2009; 80(5):1376–1384) combined data from three double-blind, placebo-controlled trials involving a total of 229 infants to examine the effects of supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid. Supplementation began between 1 and 5 days of age, with infants receiving either the fatty acid combination or a placebo for varying durations ranging from six weeks to one year, or between 4 and 6 months. Across the combined trials, infants who received the DHA and arachidonic acid supplement performed better on cognitive assessments than those in the placebo groups.