One of the more serious implications of chronic stress may involve its interaction with magnesium deficiency. Stress increases the body’s demand for magnesium. Research published in the Journal of the American College of Nutrition (1994; Volume 13, Issue 5, Pages 429–446) noted that stress-related release of catecholamines and corticosteroids can exacerbate magnesium depletion. Low magnesium status, particularly in the context of stress, has been linked to vasoconstriction and increased platelet aggregation, factors that may contribute to cardiovascular damage, arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death. Stress-related magnesium depletion has also been implicated in conditions such as eclampsia during pregnancy and may aggravate asthma.
Omega-3 fatty acids have also been studied for their potential role in stress modulation. A prospective cohort study involving nearly 8,000 participants, published in the European Journal of Nutrition (2007; Volume 46, Issue 6, Pages 337–346), suggested that omega-3 fatty acid intake may be beneficial across a range of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, and stress-related symptoms. Additional research published in Hypertension (November 1, 2004; Volume 44, Issue 5, Pages 732–738) found that supplementation with DHA reduced vasoconstriction in response to psychological stressors.
Vitamin C has also been examined for its role in stress tolerance. An animal study reported in Medical Tribune (September 23, 1999; Volume 40, Issue 16, Page 4) found that stressed rats receiving vitamin C produced less corticosterone—a primary stress hormone in rodents—than unsupplemented rats. The vitamin C–supplemented animals also demonstrated higher immune function, larger thymus glands, and less adrenal enlargement.
Earlier research proposed a link between vitamin C and adrenal support, particularly in allergy-related conditions. A review published in the American Journal of Digestive Disorders (September 1947; Pages 302–306) reported that intake of one to two grams per day of sodium ascorbate was associated with symptomatic improvement in allergy patients. Sodium ascorbate was suggested to support adrenal function and help address sodium–potassium imbalances associated with stress. In one study involving 50 individuals with asthma, use of whole adrenal gland extract combined with increased salt intake was associated with symptom improvement in 42 participants.
Phosphatidylserine has also been investigated for its effects on stress hormones. Research published in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2008; Volume 5, Article 11) used a small, double-blind, crossover design to evaluate phosphatidylserine supplementation over 10 days. The study found reductions in exercise-induced stress and lower peak cortisol concentrations during moderately intense physical activity.
